In the world of mobile communications, the design and implementation of microwave links are crucial for establishing reliable point-to-point connections. The "Microwave Link Calculator" app simplifies this process, allowing engineers and technicians to plan, survey, and implement microwave links efficiently. Here's a guide on how to use the app, including input parameters, the calculation process, and the interpretation of results.
Input Parameters
To begin using the Microwave Link Calculator app, gather the following information for the two stations (transmitter and receiver):
GPS Data: Enter the latitude and longitude coordinates for both stations. This data is critical for calculating the distance between stations and for mapping the link path.
Antenna Heights: Specify the expected installation height for the antennas at each station. This helps in assessing the line of sight and determining the minimum height required to avoid obstacles.
Frequencies: Input the frequency or frequencies at which the link will operate. This parameter is essential for calculating the Fresnel zone and the potential impact of interference.
Transmitted Power: Provide the output power of the transmitting station. This value is used to estimate the signal strength at the receiver end.
Antenna Diameter and Efficiency: Include the diameter of the antennas and their efficiency. These factors influence the gain of the antennas and the overall link budget.
Obstacles: Note any potential obstacles along the link path, such as buildings, trees, or hills, which could obstruct the line of sight or interfere with the signal.
Calculation Process
Once the input parameters are entered, the app performs several key calculations:
Terrain Elevation Profile: The app uses the GPS coordinates to generate a terrain elevation profile between the two stations. This profile shows the changes in elevation along the path, highlighting potential obstacles.
Obstacle Analysis: It evaluates the height and position of obstacles relative to the direct line of sight. The app determines whether the obstacles will affect the link and calculates the minimum antenna heights needed to avoid them.
Fresnel Zone Analysis: The app calculates the Fresnel zone, an elliptical region around the direct line of sight that should be clear of obstacles to ensure optimal signal propagation. It helps determine the required antenna height to maintain a clear Fresnel zone.
Results and Interpretation
The Microwave Link Calculator app provides detailed results to guide the installation and alignment of antennas:
Installed Antenna Parameters: The app suggests the optimal height, tilt, and azimuth for the antennas at both stations, ensuring the best possible line of sight and signal quality.
Expected Received Power: It estimates the received power at each station based on the transmitted power, antenna gains, and path losses, helping to assess the link's feasibility.
Elevation Profile Visualization: The app displays the elevation profile of the microwave link, which users can interact with by tapping and moving along the path. The corresponding location and elevation are shown on the map, providing a visual representation of the terrain and obstacles.
Conclusion
The Microwave Link Calculator app is an invaluable tool for designing and implementing microwave links in mobile communications. By providing accurate terrain profiles, obstacle analysis, and antenna alignment recommendations, the app simplifies the complex process of link planning and ensures robust and reliable communication links. Whether for urban areas with dense infrastructure or rural regions with natural obstacles, this app aids in achieving optimal line-of-sight conditions and signal quality.
You can get the app on the Apple App Store: https://apps.apple.com/vn/app/microwave-link-calculator/id6499489507
or on the Google Play:
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